
What exactly are futures?
A forward contract to deliver a certain product at a fixed agreed time at a fixed price is also called a future. The term future, English for future, immediately refers to the future moment at which the transaction will take place. Financially speaking, futures are derivatives , because one does not actually have access to certain quantities of the underlying product, but one does trade with it. A derivative is namely a financial product, the price of which is determined by the product from which it is derived. Examples of this are commodities or other financial instruments such as an index. On the financial market, futures on government bonds or stock indices are traded, including the S&P 500 or the AEX, but also on gold, a tangible product.
How do futures work?
Since futures are forward contracts, they involve the purchase (long) or sale (short) of the underlying asset. They are contracts that entail obligations for both parties, so for both the buyer and the seller. The contract size is a fixed part of a future and therefore each future includes a fixed amount of the underlying product as the underlying asset, as well as a certain term. Read our article for tips on getting started in investing in futures .

How does payment take place?
The settlement of a future occurs at the end of the fixed term by cash payment or physical delivery. The latter means that the products are made available to the buyer in kind. This is often not the case, because it often happens that a future is already resold before the contract expires.
Reason to invest in futures is to book profit by speculating on the price differences of the underlying value products. This explains the preference for cash settlement over physical settlement. When the underlying product is a share, the buyer receives a sum of money when the price increases. An important aspect of a future is that no money is involved in buying and selling and that payment of the fixed price only takes place upon delivery. A broker does require collateral to be able to meet the obligations entered into, also referred to as margin. Read more reasons to invest in futures .
With index futures there is always a cash settlement, as with AEX futures. The calculation is done with a factor of 200. This means that a futures contract yields 200 x the difference in value at closing. Here is an example: when purchasing an FTI (= an AEX future) at 600 and a delivered value of 605 that same day, you receive 200 x 5 = €1000. If the future ends a day later at 603, the difference of 2 x €200 = €400 must be reimbursed.
Futures and hedging
Futures are financial derivatives that are used by many investors to neutralize risks. In this way, you can eliminate the uncertainty that accompanies the final price of a certain share. Both short and long hedges can be used for this. The choice for a short hedge is obvious if an investor assumes that the price of a previously purchased share will decrease before the future expires.
Companies use futures to be able to purchase a certain product, such as oil, at a future time at the agreed price. They do this when there is a fear that the oil price will increase. By means of a future, the desired price is fixed in advance for a fixed period.
The trading hours
Of decisive importance for futures are the trading hours. This has to do with the liquidity of the future. This is greatest during regular trading hours. The time difference makes it difficult to trade from the Netherlands with the Nikkei 225 future, for example.
However, futures trading also takes place outside these times. It can therefore be useful to determine the value of underlying products outside these times by means of a future. An AEX future is a good example of this. The expected opening price of the AEX index is shown in the price of this future and is established before the opening of the AEX exchange and therefore outside the trading hours.

Futures and investment risk
Investments in derivatives such as futures can be lucrative, but also involve considerable risks. As a result of the leverage applied, the return can be high. On the other hand, a lot of losses can also be incurred with a multiple of the investment. When concluding a future, no payment takes place, but an obligation is entered into.
A future is a complex financial product. It is possible to lose large amounts of money without ever having physically invested any money. This is why brokers ask for collateral. If losses mount up significantly, the collateral provided may not be sufficient. If a broker’s risk analysis shows that there is insufficient collateral, an additional deposit or a risk reduction may be required. If this is not met in time or if the risk remains too great, a broker can intervene immediately without intervention to prevent you from being unable to meet your obligations. It is therefore wise to reserve money to be able to make any payments. Read how you can reduce risks with futures .
Investing in futures with a broker
If you want to start investing in futures, you need an account with a broker. View all brokers that offer futures and start comparing . This way you can start investing in futures today!






